![]() ![]() The initial rupture occurred on a blind thrust fault, but movement transitioned to left-lateral strike-slip faulting. įinite-fault inversion and back projection indicated an earthquake rupture on two separate strike-slip and reverse faults that are not connected to the main strand of the plate boundary fault. It had an estimated hypocentral depth of 10.0 km (6.2 mi). The earthquake occurred as a result of oblique-reverse faulting on an 80 km (50 mi) section of the Enriquillo–Plantain Garden fault zone, 125 km (78 mi 67 nmi) west of the Haitian capital Port-au-Prince, consistent with its location and the observed focal mechanism. The same fault zone is thought to have been the source of the 17 earthquakes that destroyed the capital Port-au-Prince. The epicentre of the 2010 Haiti earthquake was located at the eastern end of the peninsula and was caused by movement on previously unknown thrust faults that form part of the overall fault zone, without rupturing the main strike-slip fault strand. This fault zone carries almost half of the left lateral displacement between the North American and Caribbean plates, with a displacement rate of about 7 mm per year. In the Tiburon Peninsula, the main structure is the Enriquillo–Plantain Garden fault zone, which runs along its length. The largest earthquake in the region prior to the 2021 event was in 1952, and measured 6.2 magnitude, occurring 35 km to the west. ![]() This has led to overall transpression along the main strike-slip faults. Although dominated by lateral motion the plate boundary zone also accommodates a component of north–south shortening. This zone is interpreted to contain a number of microplates, particularly the Gonâve Microplate, which is bounded to the north by the Septentrional-Oriente fault zone and to the south by the Walton fault zone and the Enriquillo–Plantain Garden fault zone, all of which are active left lateral transform faults. Haiti lies within the complex plate boundary zone between the North American Plate to the north and the Caribbean Plate to the south. The economic loss from this earthquake is estimated at over 1.5 billion US dollars, nearly 10% of the country's gross domestic product. ![]() This earthquake had the most casualties of any disaster since the 2018 Sulawesi earthquake. USAID provided US $32 million in foreign aid to Haiti for reconstruction efforts following the devastating earthquake. The Haitian Civil Protection General Directorate (DGPC) warned of a possible large humanitarian crisis resulting from the earthquake. UNICEF estimates more than half a million children were affected. It is also the worst disaster to strike Haiti since the 2010 earthquake. It is the deadliest earthquake and deadliest natural disaster of 2021. At least 137,500 buildings were damaged or destroyed. An estimated 650,000 people were in need of assistance. ![]() At least 2,248 people were confirmed killed as of 1 September 2021 and more than 12,200 injured, mostly in the Sud Department. Tsunami warnings were briefly issued for the Haitian coast. It had a 10-kilometre-deep (6.2 mi) hypocenter near Petit-Trou-de-Nippes, approximately 150 kilometres (93 mi) west of the capital, Port-au-Prince. At 08:29:09 EDT on 14 August 2021, a magnitude 7.2 earthquake struck the Tiburon Peninsula in the Caribbean nation of Haiti. ![]()
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